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Buy Internal Movement and Defense
1. Which is the most likely common source of their combined health issues?
(A) Bacteria
(B) Nematodes
(C) Chemicals
(D) Something other than the above
2. Why would these symptoms be attributed to something acquired rather
than to something inherited?
(A) The chances of all four having inherited CJD are very unlikely.
(B) There are very similar diseases caused by encephalitis viruses.
(C) Elk are known to be carriers of an unusual systemic fungus that
causes meningitis.
(D) These are characteristics of amoebic meningoencephalitis, probably
from the cabin water.
CHAPTER 9
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82 › McGraw-Hill Education 500 MCAT: Biology
3. What biochemical mechanism contributes to the amyloid plaques?
(A) A malfunction of protein synthesis in the cytosol of neurons
(B) A progressive accumulation of abnormal PrP protein
(C) An error in the posttranscriptional modification of PrP mRNA
(D) Toxin damage to neural synapses
4. How can the agent that causes spongiform encephalopathy remain infectious even after being autoclaved for an hour?
(A) Encephalitis viruses are notoriously resistant to heat damage.
(B) Parasitic amoebas can survive unfavorable conditions in the cyst stage.
(C) The agent is infectious because it is already denatured.
(D) Once melted, DNA is resistant to further heat damage.
5. What process is used to propagate the agent within neurons?
(A) Normal translation of PrP mRNA
(B) Abnormal PrP induces similar abnormalities in normal PrP.
(C) Neurotransmitters act as gene repressors of proteins.
(D) Viral replication in neuron nuclei
6. Following a break in the skin, which of the following is the proper
sequence of events that leads to its repair?
(A) Debris removal → clot formation → fibroblast proliferation
→ inflammation → regeneration
(B) Inflammation → clot formation → regeneration → fibroblast
proliferation → debris removal
(C) Clot formation → fibroblast proliferation → debris removal →
inflammation → regeneration
(D) Clot formation → inflammation → fibroblast proliferation → debris
removal → regeneration
(E) Clot formation → debris removal → inflammation → fibroblast
proliferation → regeneration
7. Which of the following are best associated with thermoregulation?
(A) Arrector pili
(B) Sebaceous glands
(C) Apocrine glands
(D) Fingernails and toenails
(E) Meissner’s corpuscles
Internal Movement and Defense ‹ 83
8. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly associated?
(A) Merkel’s disks—sense of touch
(B) Meissner’s corpuscles—senses movement of hair shaft
(C) Free nerve endings—sense of temperature
(D) Pacinian corpuscles—sense of pressure
(E) Free nerve endings—sense of pain
9. Fingernail and toenail growth occurs because of
(A) protein synthesis in the nail bed.
(B) osteoclasts laying down nail matrix in the lunula.
(C) epithelial cell division.
(D) synthesis of hardened sebum.
(E) polysaccharide synthesis and export by epithelial cells.
10. Which of the following is true concerning the role of the dermis in nutrition?
(A) The skin helps synthesize molecules that are later activated in the liver
and aid in calcium absorption in the intestine.
(B) Cells within the skin manufacture growth factors that provide for
improved connective tissue elasticity throughout the body.
(C) It is within the dermis that significant energy is stored in the form of
collagenous proteins.
(D) Significant levels of essential minerals are absorbed into the dermis
after passing through the epidermis.
(E) The capillary beds within the dermis provide for additional levels of
gas exchange with the atmosphere.
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