Order Geochemical Cycle Discussion Assignment

Order Geochemical Cycle Discussion Assignment
Order 58938480
Order Geochemical Cycle Discussion Assignment
31. Nitrogen is an essential element for many biologically important
molecules, but organisms can use atmospheric N2 only once it has
been altered by
(A) biomineralization or dissolution in water
(B) volcanic eruptions or reactions with sunlight
(C) the decomposition of organisms or respiration
(D) lightning or soil-bacteria processes
32. Which of the following human activities can alter both the carbon
and nitrogen cycles at the same time?
(A) allowing artificial fertilizer to run into rivers and streams
(B) growing large numbers of livestock whose waste adds gases to
these cycles
(C) constructing dams that obstruct the natural paths of rivers
(D) destroying existing vegetation-rich ecosystems, such as forests
Order Geochemical Cycle Discussion Assignment
 
28 ❯ 500 AP Environmental Science Questions to Know by Test Day
33. The term nitrification describes which process?
(A) the conversion of N2 to NO
(B) the conversion of N2 to NH3
(C) the conversion of NH3 to NO2
− and NO3
−
(D) the conversion of N2 to N2O
34. One negative effect of human interference in the nitrogen cycle is
(A) the production of rain containing nitric acid
(B) a decrease in species that thrive on high levels of nitrogen
compounds
(C) increased ozone in the stratosphere
(D) a decrease in the total amount of nitrogen present in the
atmosphere
35. The term geochemical cycle describes
(A) the production and breakdown of man-made synthetic
materials
(B) the movement of sulfur and other gases from the mantle into
the atmosphere
(C) the movement of elements through a repeating series of
chemical forms
(D) the movement of magma in the earth’s mantle
36. Plants directly interact with the biological carbon cycle through
I. respiration
II. photosynthesis
III. decomposition
(A) only I and II
(B) only II and III
(C) only I and III
(D) I, II, and III
Living World: Ecosystems ❮ 29
37. Most of the carbon in the earth’s crust is stored in
(A) the atmosphere
(B) ocean sediments and sedimentary rocks
(C) fossil fuels
(D) plants
38. Nitrification results in the two final products
(A) ammonia and nitrogen gas
(B) nitrate ions and nitrite ions
(C) DNA and proteins
(D) ozone gas and oxygen gas
39. Volcanoes release a great deal of gas when they erupt, but the
composition of those gases depends on the magma type. A certain
volcano in the Pacific Ocean releases about 49% carbon dioxide,
37% water vapor, 12% sulfur dioxide, and 1.5% carbon monoxide.
(A) How does carbon cross over from the biological carbon cycle to
this part of the geological carbon cycle?
(B) What is the process by which sulfur dioxide from this volcano
can become a component of organisms?
(C) How does carbon make its way from volcanic carbon dioxide
emissions into organisms?
40. Calcium stored in subsurface rock can return to the surface, but it
usually does so as a result of
(A) tectonic plate movement pushing these rock layers upward
(B) erupting volcanoes spewing calcium-rich magma
(C) chemical reactions releasing calcium-rich gas, which
diffuses upward
(D) these rock layers slowly dissolving into the oceans
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